Ecosystems

 //**__The Great Lakes in Canada __**//

//In this task we will be telling you about the great lakes in Canada. There are five great lakes and they are all located the same general area.//

There are five great lakes in Canada: Lake Superior, Lake Huron, Lake Michigan, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes; it also has the largest surface area of any freshwater lake in the world. Lake Huron is the third largest of the lakes by volume, with 850 cubic miles of water. Lake Huron is technically inseparable from Lake Michigan, joined by the wide Straits of Mackinac. Lake Ontario is similar to Lake Erie in length and breadth (193 miles by 53 miles). Yet with its greater average depth (approximately 283 feet), Lake Ontario holds almost four times the volume (395 cubic miles) and has a retention time of about 6 years. Lake Erie is the smallest of the Great Lakes in volume (119 cubic miles) and is exposed to the greatest effects from urbanization and agriculture. Lake Michigan, the second largest Great Lake by volume with just under 1,180 cubic miles of water, is the only Great Lake entirely within the United States.



**__Species of Fish of the Miramichi __** •  Atlantic Salmon •  Bass •  Trout •  Brook Trout •  Smelt • <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Cod • <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Rainbow Salmon

**__<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">River Systems in New Brunswick: __**<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; msofareastlanguage: EN-US; msobidilanguage: AR-SA;"> The major river systems in the province are, Petitcodiac river, Saint John River, Miramichi River, St. Croix River, Kennebecasis River, and the Restigouche River.

**<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">__Major Rivers in Canada__: **<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> //<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; msobidifontfamily: Arial;">Some of the Rivers that flow through Canada are: // <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> · <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The St. Lawrence River, which flows through Quebec. · <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The Peace River that flows through Alberta, British Columbia. · <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The St. John River, which starts in St. John, and ends in Quebec. · <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The Miramichi River. · <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The Hudson Bay River, flows through Saskatchewan, Alberta, Ontario, Quebec, and most of Manitoba, it also runs through some parts of the U.S.A.

__ **Species of animals in forest** __ <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">In the forests of Miramichi, there are many animals. There are mammals, birds, reptiles, and fish. Many moose and deer live in the forest, in the summer and winter. In the winter, the male moose lose their antlers and the females do not because they don’t have any. The main deer is the white tailed deer, which raises its white tail and runs when it senses danger. These animals have a permanent home in our forest, but they sometimes come out to cross the roads with their children.

Black bears also live in our forest. These bears survive on berries, honey, and animals throughout the spring, summer, and fall. In the winter, the bears hibernate in there caves. The black bears will spend around three months asleep, depending on the large amounts of food that they ate in the fall to last! Weasels and rabbits are forest mammals that change their <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">colours <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">. In the summer most rabbits are brown and eat berries, leafs, flowers and vegetables. Rabbits turn white in the winter to hide themselves from predators, like bobcats and humans. Weasels are usually brown with a white underbelly and black fur on their tails. In the winter, they turn white except the fur on the ends of their tails. They hunt small animals, such as rabbits. Squirrels are another small mammal, but it does not change from brown to white. They eat nuts, berries, and scavenge in human filled areas. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Wrapping up the mammals is the beavers. This creature lives in Dams, small structures made of wood and mud, in the water. They have bucked teeth and a long flat tail. They use their teeth to cut trees and their tails to slap down the mud, and water when there are predators. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">There are many different birds in Miramichi. One of them is the Canadian geese. They fly in a V formation. When winter comes they fly to Mexico or somewhere warm. Another bird is the Black capped chickadee, New Brunswick national bird. It stays here throughout the winter, feasting on buried berries. When they find some they cry out “Chick-A-Dee-Dee-Dee” hence the name. Another common bird is by far the seagull. Through the summer, fall, and Spring, they come and go in flocks around fast-food restaurants, their favorite being McDonalds. Ravens are also common and can be spotted instantly by its black feathers, as long as someone doesn’t mistake it for a crow, also a common, black bird. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Toads, frogs, and salamanders make up the amphibians here. They spend half of their time in the water and half on land. Whereas reptiles, like lizards and snakes, spend all of their time on land. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Fish, are very common here. There are many salmon, trout, and if you are in a shallow pond, you might find some mud suckers. There is a long river that flows through the Miramichi, that is why it is called the Miramichi river. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">The most common insects here are flies and Mosquitoes. The mosquitoes come in the summer and will come towards you and suck your blood. Don’t worry, they are small! The flies can be very bad and come and bite you with its sucker. There are also bees and wasps that will sting you if you get too close, trust us. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">There is a large variety of animals, as you can see. We hope we didn’t bore you with them. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">

<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; text-align: center; msofareastfontfamily: 'Arial Unicode MS'; msobidifontfamily: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Arial Unicode MS'; msobidifontfamily: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS';"> <span style="display: block; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; text-align: left; msobidifontfamily: Arial; msonoproof: yes;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #000000; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; msobidifontfamily: Arial; msonoproof: yes;">